Grid-forming wind turbine control based on novel deloading strategy and adaptive configurable natural droop controller

Integrating wind power into weak grids presents significant challenges, including insufficient inertia support and phase-locked loop instability. Conventional deloading strategies often rely on inflexible look-up tables, while virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control schemes frequently encounter issues such as coupled droop and damping parameters, leading to substantial DC bus voltage fluctuations. This research addresses these limitations by introducing a novel deloading strategy that coordinates rotor speed and pitch angle through a power conversion coefficient loop, thereby eliminating the reliance on static look-up tables. Furthermore, an Adaptive Configurable Natural Droop (ACND) controller is developed, enabling independent adjustment of inertia, damping, and droop coefficients. This controller is integrated with a DC voltage loop

to ensure power balance within the system. Simulation results, typically performed using environments like Matlab/Simulink, demonstrate that the proposed methodology facilitates stable full-speed deloading operations. It also significantly mitigates DC bus voltage fluctuations when compared to traditional VSG and matching control approaches. The scheme maintains system stability even under challenging conditions such as low wind speeds with zero reserve power, offering a robust solution for enhancing the flexibility and stability of grid-forming wind turbines in high-renewable weak grid environments.

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