Application analysis of soil nail and cable support in deep excavations of loess regions under complex environmental conditions

This research investigates the efficacy of a combined support system, integrating prestressed anchor cables with soil nailing technology, for deep foundation pits situated in loess regions. The study employs a comprehensive methodology encompassing both field monitoring and numerical simulation. Field observations were conducted to quantify horizontal and vertical displacements at the pit crest, alongside deep-seated horizontal deformations within the support system. Concurrently, a two-dimensional numerical model was developed utilizing MIDAS GTS NX software to facilitate comparative analysis and validate field measurements. The findings indicate that the integrated support system effectively mitigates and controls deformation during excavation activities. Recorded maximum displacement at the support structure's top was 3.91 mm, while maximum

horizontal displacement below 0.5 m depth remained under 1.6 mm, both significantly below predefined alarm thresholds. Analysis of the vertical displacement profile revealed a fluctuating pattern, with notably smaller displacements observed at the elevations corresponding to the installed soil nails and anchor cables, signifying localized reinforcement effects. Furthermore, finite element analysis demonstrated a progressive, approximately linear increase in horizontal displacement within the excavation zone and surface settlement at the pit edge as excavation depth advanced. The numerical model also highlighted the occurrence of instability in unsupported excavation scenarios. This study provides valuable insights into the performance of such hybrid support systems under complex environmental conditions.

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