Engineering Strategies to Improve All-Solid-State Battery Performance under Low-Pressure Conditions

All‑solid‑state batteries (ASSBs) improve on conventional liquid‑electrolyte lithium‑ion cells because they can store more energy and are safer. The main obstacle is the high external pressure needed to keep the solid parts in contact and to stop lithium dendrites, especially when a lithium‑metal anode is used. This project looks at ways to lower that pressure requirement. It focuses on two ideas: using halide‑based solid electrolytes and designing electrodes that do not contain extra solid electrolyte. Halide electrolytes are more stable electrochemically and are softer than many other solid electrolytes, so they can be cycled at low pressure while still working with high‑voltage cathodes. Removing the auxiliary solid electrolyte from the

composite electrode also cuts interfacial resistance. We combine mechanical‑electrochemical simulations with experimental tests to understand how pressure, stress, and electrochemistry interact. The results give practical guidance for distributing pressure inside a cell. We evaluate how the ASSB cells perform, how well they keep their capacity, and how stable the interfaces stay when the external pressure is reduced. The work provides a clear framework for building solid‑state energy‑storage systems that could be used in electric vehicles.

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