An Inequality Indicator for High-Resistance Connection Fault Diagnosis in Marine Current Turbine

Marine current turbines (MCTs) are a key technology for capturing renewable energy from ocean currents. The harsh underwater environment and constantly changing operating conditions cause mechanical and electrical wear, especially high‑resistance connection (HRC) faults. Early‑stage HRC faults create small current imbalances that are hard to detect when marine current speeds fluctuate. This research tackles that diagnostic problem by testing an inequality indicator that measures phase‑current imbalance in the permanent‑magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) used in MCTs. The indicator is based on the arithmetic‑geometric mean inequality and provides a very sensitive metric that can spot tiny deviations in phase currents at the beginning of an HRC fault. Importantly, the formulation stays robust

despite the variable speeds and load torques typical of marine settings. The project includes: – Modeling the PMSM with asymmetric stator resistance. – Developing the mathematical expression for the inequality indicator. – Validating the indicator’s diagnostic sensitivity. Simulation results show the method accurately distinguishes HRC faults from normal transient variations, offering a reliable framework for condition monitoring and predictive maintenance in marine energy conversion systems.

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