Adaptive control-based enhancement of dynamic performance in grid-connected PV systems under LVRT conditions

Grid‑connected photovoltaic (PV) systems must follow strict grid codes, especially the Low‑Voltage Ride‑Through (LVRT) rule that applies during faults. This work looks at an adaptive control strategy that improves how PV inverters behave when the grid voltage changes quickly. Fixed‑gain controllers often lose stability and cannot provide the right amount of reactive power when the voltage drops sharply. To fix this, the adaptive controller changes its parameters in real time, responding directly to the measured grid voltage. The proposed design uses a phase‑locked loop (PLL) to lock onto the grid frequency fast, and it has two control loops: an outer voltage loop and an inner current loop. When an LVRT

event occurs, the adaptive algorithm gives priority to injecting reactive current, which helps the grid voltage recover, while it limits active current to keep the inverter from tripping on overcurrent. The simulation model includes the PV array, a boost converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and a three‑phase grid‑tied inverter. Tests with both symmetrical and asymmetrical faults show a faster transient response, smaller DC‑link voltage swings, and reactive‑power support that meets the code. The results provide a solid basis for modern grid‑integration studies.

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