Fault Diagnosis Modeling of Permanent Magnet Motors: Inter-Turn Short Circuit (ITSC) Faults.

This study tackles the tough problem of finding inter‑turn short‑circuit (ITSC) faults in permanent‑magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) used in modern power systems. To go beyond the limits of traditional diagnostic tools, we built a detailed model that combines accurate magnetic‑field calculations with the usual electrical and mechanical equations. By linking these three domains, the model can simulate many kinds of machine problems very precisely, such as stator‑winding ITSC, ground faults, open‑circuit faults, and both static and dynamic eccentricities. Looking at how the machine behaves when a fault occurs, the model shows that non‑axisymmetric faults create clear physical signs. In particular, the torque starts to oscillate because the phase currents become

unbalanced, and this torque ripple is a reliable early warning of an ITSC. We also examine the resulting phase‑current imbalance with sequence‑analysis methods to create strong fault signatures. This modeling approach gives a systematic way to design advanced diagnostic algorithms, providing a dependable tool for predictive maintenance, condition monitoring, and fault‑tolerant control of permanent‑magnet motors in high‑reliability applications.

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