An analysis of li-ion induced potential incidents in battery electrical energy storage system by use of computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulations: The Beijing April 2021 case study

This project builds a detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to study safety problems in lithium‑ion battery energy storage systems (BESS). It uses the Beijing incident from April 2021 as a case study. The model follows three main events: * the spread of thermal runaway inside the batteries, * the creation of gases, and * the movement of those flammable gases inside the container. By calculating how fast volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are released, the study checks how explosive gas mixtures build up under different ventilation setups. The CFD simulation tracks temperature, pressure, and gas concentrations over time and space, showing where failures are most likely and

how the fire can spread. The results give numbers that show how well active and passive safety features work, such as emergency ventilation, gas‑sensor locations, and deflagration vents. This approach can help engineers design safer, containerized battery storage, choose better ventilation layouts, and set up procedures to stop thermal runaway and explosions in large‑scale utility storage projects.

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