Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) As A Tumor Marker For Detecting Prostate Cancer In A Sample Of Syrian Patients

Prostate cancer (PC), a hormone-dependent malignancy originating from prostatic epithelial cells, represents the second most prevalent cancer among men and a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality globally. The heterogeneous clinical progression of PC underscores the imperative for early detection to enhance patient prognosis. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serves as a critical tumor marker in both diagnostic and post-treatment monitoring protocols. This investigation aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the PSA test in identifying PC and to elucidate its associations with various clinical parameters, including tumor stage, patient age, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). The study cohort comprised fifty participants, equally divided into twenty-five confirmed PC patients and twenty-five

healthy controls, for the evaluation of diagnostic performance. Correlation analyses with clinical variables were exclusively conducted within the confirmed cancer patient group. Results indicated that the total PSA test exhibited a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 88% when employing a 4 ng/ml threshold. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between PSA levels and both tumor stage and age. Conversely, no significant correlation was identified with smoking, while a minor inverse correlation was noted with BMI. These findings suggest that PSA is an effective tool for the early detection of PC, particularly when integrated with additional diagnostic modalities to inform clinical decision-making processes.

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