Recent progress in understanding the role of graphene oxide, TiO2 and graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposites as multidisciplinary photocatalysts in energy and environmental applications

This research project reviews and evaluates how graphene oxide (GO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and their binary nanocomposites work together as photocatalysts. Growing industry has increased global energy shortages and pollution, creating a need for highly efficient, solar‑driven catalytic systems. The study examines the structural, electronic, and optical properties of GO‑TiO2 heterostructures. These properties control charge‑carrier separation, lower recombination rates, and shift light absorption into the visible spectrum. Guidance is provided for assessing synthesis routes—hydrothermal, solvothermal, and sol‑gel—and for understanding how each route influences photocatalytic performance. The project then compares these nanocomposites for three key applications: – degradation of organic pollutants – reduction of heavy metals – hydrogen production via water

splitting By establishing a solid analytical framework, the work helps M.Tech researchers optimize composite interfaces and engineer bandgaps. It offers a clear path for modeling, simulating, or experimentally testing carbon‑metal‑oxide photocatalytic systems under various operating conditions.

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