Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Activity of MoS 2 Through Solid Solution Modification of Its Edge Sites With Ruthenium

This project looks at how to speed up the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) catalysts by changing the atoms at their edges. We deposit ruthenium (Ru) onto the edge sites and the nearby basal planes using an electrochemical method, creating a Ru‑coordinated solid‑solution material. The Ru atoms act as very active spots for breaking water molecules, which supplies protons faster and removes the slow‑reaction step that plain MoS₂ has. We study how the catalyst works with three techniques: Tafel‑slope analysis, in‑situ Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Adding Ru at the edges makes the local area slightly acidic, which switches the main HER route from the

usual Volmer–Heyrovsky steps to the more efficient Volmer–Tafel steps. We test the new electrocatalyst in an anion‑exchange‑membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE). The cell shows higher current densities and keeps working well over long periods. The work also gives a clear guide for designing, testing, and modeling transition‑metal‑dichalcogenide catalysts for clean, sustainable hydrogen production.

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