Regulation of Nanomaterials on the Preparation of Nanofiltration Membranes and Its Research Progress in the Water Treatment Field: A Review.

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are essential in modern water treatment because they can separate substances very selectively. This research reviews how nanomaterials are controlled during the making of advanced NF membranes. It looks at different ways to add nanomaterials—blending them into the polymer matrix, grafting them onto the surface, or modifying the membrane by interfacial polymerization. The aim is to give clear guidance for improving membrane flow, selectivity, and resistance to fouling. The evaluation examines how nanomaterials such as carbon‑based nanoparticles, metal‑organic frameworks (MOFs), and metal oxides change the pore structure, increase hydrophilicity, or alter the surface charge of the active separation layer. It also compares membrane stability and performance under

various water‑treatment conditions, focusing on challenges like removing tiny organic pollutants and separating heavy metals. By systematically reviewing the literature and organizing the methods, the project helps design high‑performance nanocomposite membranes and provides a solid foundation for future experiments and simulations in environmental water engineering.

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