Performance of Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement in Concrete: A Systematic Review of Mechanical, Physical, and Durability Characteristics.

Using recycled materials in concrete is a key way to make infrastructure more sustainable. This research gives a step‑by‑step guide for checking how concrete that contains Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) behaves. The method looks at how different amounts of RCA and RAP, used instead of natural aggregates, affect compressive strength, tensile strength, workability, and durability measures such as water absorption and chloride penetration. By gathering data from many lab tests, the project builds predictive models that help choose the best mix designs. It also tackles major problems like the high porosity of RCA and the visco‑elastic nature of RAP, which often limit their use in

structures. In the end, this review and modeling approach gives engineers a practical way to increase recycled content in structural and pavement concrete while meeting performance standards, supporting a shift toward a circular economy in civil engineering.

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