HYDROLYTIC ENZYME SYSTEMS OF Trichoderma spp.: FERMENTATION STRATEGIES, STRAIN ENGINEERING, AND SUSTAINABLE LIGNOCELLULOSIC VALORIZATION

This research looks at how bioprocess engineering controls the production of hydrolytic enzymes by Trichoderma species for sustainable use of lignocellulosic biomass. It systematically studies how cellulases, hemicellulases, and oxidative enzymes work together to break down tough agricultural residues like rice straw. The work compares submerged fermentation with solid‑state fermentation and points out key scale‑up problems such as heat and mass‑transfer limits, moisture control, and aeration in bioreactor design. It also examines how strain engineering, pathway optimization, and synthetic enzyme cocktail design can balance enzyme productivity, thermal stability, and process robustness. By building mathematical models of fermentation kinetics and transport phenomena, the project offers guidance for optimizing bioreactor operation. The

resulting strategies aim to create scalable, cost‑effective, circular biorefineries that link lab‑scale strain development to industrial‑scale enzyme production for a bio‑based economy.

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