Enhancing Supply Chain Traceability with Blockchain Technology: A Study on Dairy, Agriculture, and Seafood Supply Chains

Global food supply chains—especially those for dairy, crops, and seafood—are dealing with serious problems in food safety, confirming where products come from, and keeping operations transparent. Conventional centralized tracking systems often have communication gaps, isolated data, and are easy to tamper with. This research tackles those weaknesses by suggesting decentralized, blockchain‑based traceability solutions. In the dairy sector, the paper presents a clear framework for following products from the farm all the way to the consumer. For agriculture, it proposes a theoretical decentralized system that uses smart contracts to manage transactions securely and remove gaps left by middlemen. In the seafood industry, the suggested approach improves accountability across the many steps

of distribution. The study offers detailed conceptual models and smart‑contract logic, but it does not include large‑scale real‑world testing or extensive empirical data. For B.Tech students, the work provides a solid base for building simulated blockchain networks or small‑scale smart contracts to model dairy supply‑chain transactions, helping ensure data integrity and real‑time tracking.

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