Krabi’s renewable energy transition towards sustainable energy: drivers, barriers, and challenges.

This study looks at how regional agricultural and tourism areas can shift to sustainable energy, using Krabi as the main example. It examines the social, technical, and economic factors that drive the change, as well as the barriers and practical problems that appear when adding decentralized renewables. The research focuses on three renewable sources: – Biomass made from farm residues – Biogas produced from palm‑oil‑mill waste water – Solar photovoltaic panels It reviews local policies, the limits of the existing grid, and how the community feels about new energy projects. From this, the study maps out clear steps toward local energy self‑sufficiency. A key part of the work is testing

whether agricultural waste can reliably feed rural microgrids and cut the need for imported fossil fuels. The authors build a detailed framework for modeling different transition scenarios and pinpoint the main bottlenecks: slow regulatory approvals, the need for capital, and the challenge of adopting new technologies. The results give practical advice for regional energy planners. They set a baseline for installing hybrid renewable systems that keep farms productive while meeting environmental goals. By quantitatively modeling how much resource is available and what the energy demand looks like, the research supports the creation of strong, locally focused energy policies.

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