Synergistic emission-aware energy management of a multi-energy microgrid with electric mobility integration incorporating a new composite operational flexibility index

This project looks at a carbon‑aware transactive energy management system for multi‑energy microgrids that include renewable sources and electric mobility. As more photovoltaics, wind turbines, and electric vehicles are added, power systems become more uncertain to operate. The study builds a model of a microgrid that uses several energy sources: microturbines, fuel cells, battery storage, and charging stations for electric cars and e‑bikes. The charging stations can send power back to the grid (vehicle‑to‑grid, V2G) or to other batteries (battery‑to‑grid, B2G). A multi‑objective optimization problem is set up for a 24‑hour schedule. It tries to: * keep total operating costs low, * cut pollutant emissions, * raise a new composite

operational flexibility index (COFI). The transactive‑energy coordination mechanism lets the microgrid trade power efficiently with peers and with the main grid. Because the problem is non‑linear and complex, it is solved with the Multi‑Objective Sinh Cosh Optimizer (MOSCHO). MOSCHO uses hyperbolic functions to balance searching new solutions (exploration) and refining good ones (exploitation). Uncertainties in solar irradiance, wind speed, load demand, and electric‑vehicle movement are represented with stochastic models. Overall, the framework gives a solid way to compare economic, environmental, and flexibility goals in modern, decentralized power systems.

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