Enhancing Q-factor and BER in optical wireless systems using cryogenic Li-Fi architecture

This project uses simulations to evaluate a Light Fidelity (Li‑Fi) free‑space optical (FSO) communication system that works at very low temperatures. The link’s performance is examined at room temperature (298 K) and at a cryogenic temperature (120 K). By modeling the physical properties of the transmitter and receiver, the study looks at key device‑level and link‑level numbers: LED quantum efficiency, avalanche photodiode (APD) gain, Q‑factor, and bit error rate (BER). The numerical results show that cooling the system cuts thermal noise and phonon scattering. As a result, the LED’s quantum efficiency rises from 0.5 to 0.7, and the APD gain goes up from 3 to 5. These improvements boost the

overall Q‑factor from 4.29552 to 6.44374 and lower the BER from 8.55087 × 10⁻⁶ to 5.36521 × 10⁻±¹. The work also offers step‑by‑step guidance for modeling optical links at low temperatures. The findings are useful for high‑reliability applications such as deep‑space communications and quantum networking.

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