High-Performance Concrete’s Compressive Strength with Fly Ash as a Mineral Admixture and Replaces Natural Sand by Manufactured Sand

This project studies how high‑performance concrete (HPC) performs when part of the cement is replaced by fly ash and natural sand is replaced by manufactured sand (M‑sand). Because natural aggregates are becoming scarce, costly, and environmentally problematic, the research focuses on how these substitutions affect compressive strength. The test program uses three water‑to‑binder (W/B) ratios—0.30, 0.35, and 0.40—while keeping the aggregate‑to‑binder (A/B) ratio constant at 2. Fly ash replaces cement at four levels: – 0 % – 10 % – 20 % – 30 % M‑sand replaces natural sand at six levels (by volume): – 0 % – 20 % – 40 % – 60 % – 80 % –

100 % Laboratory testing and simple analytical modeling are used to pinpoint the mix that gives the highest compressive strength. The approach also provides a practical framework for creating cheaper, more eco‑friendly concrete mixes for structural use. Work includes mix‑design optimization, statistical analysis of strength data, and microstructural examination of the transition zone between the cement paste and the manufactured aggregates.

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